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Journal of Holistic Nursing
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A Spiritually Based Group Intervention for Combat Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Feasibility Study

Jill E. Bormann, PhD, RN

VA San Diego Healthcare System and San Diego State University, jill.bormann{at}va.gov

Steven Thorp, PhD

VA San Diego Healthcare System and University of California, San Diego

Julie L. Wetherell, PhD

VA San Diego Healthcare System and University of California, San Diego

Shahrokh Golshan, PhD

VA San Diego Healthcare System and University of California, San Diego

Purpose: To assess the feasibility, effect sizes, and satisfaction of mantram repetition—the spiritual practice of repeating a sacred word/phrase throughout the day—for managing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in veterans. Design: A two group (intervention vs. control) by two time (pre- and postintervention) experimental design was used. Methods: Veterans were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 14) or delayed-treatment control (n = 15). Measures were PTSD symptoms, psychological distress, quality of life, and patient satisfaction. Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen's d. Findings: Thirty-three male veterans were enrolled, and 29 (88%) completed the study. Large effect sizes were found for reducing PTSD symptom severity (d = –.72), psychological distress (d = –.73) and increasing quality of life (d = –.70). Conclusions: A spiritual program was found to be feasible for veterans with PTSD. They reported moderate to high satisfaction. Effect sizes show promise for symptom improvement but more research is needed.

Key Words: posttraumatic stress disorder • veterans • spirituality • quality of life • mindfulness • intervention • meditation • mind—body relaxation

This version was published on June 1, 2008

Journal of Holistic Nursing, Vol. 26, No. 2, 109-116 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0898010107311276
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Commentary on "A Spiritually Based Group Intervention for Combat Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Feasability Study"
J Holist Nurs, June 1, 2008; 26(2): 117 - 118.
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