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Journal of Holistic Nursing
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*Health Literacy
*Pain
*Stress
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The Silence of Suffering

Breaking the Sound Barriers

Mary Kazanowski, PhD, ARNP, BC, CHNP

Saint Anselm College

Kathleen Perrin, PhD, RN, CCRN

Saint Anselm College

Mertie Potter, DNP, ARNP, BC

Private Practice

Caryn Sheehan, MS, ARNP, BC

Saint Anselm College

Suffering is an inevitable reality that student nurses may be unprepared to witness. The 14-week college course, Understanding Suffering, was developed to help students better understand the suffering experience. Content for the course was drawn from nursing, sociological, and theological perspectives. Students scored significantly higher on a post-course evaluation of empathy and stated they felt better prepared to intervene in difficult clinical situations involving suffering. Course development, assignments, and evaluation are described in the article.

Key Words: suffering • empathy • nursing education

Journal of Holistic Nursing, Vol. 25, No. 3, 195-203 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0898010107305501
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This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J Holist NursHome page
A. Daly Quinlan-Colwell
Understanding the Paradox of Patient Pain and Patient Satisfaction
J Holist Nurs, September 1, 2009; 27(3): 177 - 182.
[Abstract] [PDF]