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Journal of Holistic Nursing
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A Holistic Approach to Risk-Screening in Pregnancy with Appalachian Women

D. Elizabeth Jesse, Ph.D., C.N.M.

Purdue University

Debra C. Wallace, Ph.D., R.N.

University of North Carolina at Greensboro

William Seaver, Ph.D.

University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Routine screening for risk factors in pregnancy is one of the major components of prenatal care that is highly recommended, yet few risk assessment systems have a comprehensive view. This investigation examined prenatal risk assessment from a comprehensive perspective to identify biophysical, psychosocial, spiritual, and perceptual factors in pregnancy affecting infant birth weight. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using standard and reliable questionnaires with a convenience sample of 120 pregnant women between the ages of 14 and 44 years and 16 to 28 weeks gestation at three prenatal clinics in East Tennessee. Two factors, absence of maternal partner support during pregnancy and African American race, emerged as significant predictors for infant birth weight. Findings emphasize the necessity for nurses and other providers to screen for presence and source of social support during routine prenatal assessments. Continued research to develop a comprehensive assessment of risk in pregnancy should enhance our understanding of maternal factors influencing maternal and infant health.

Journal of Holistic Nursing, Vol. 20, No. 2, 133-151 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/08910102020002004
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