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Journal of Holistic Nursing, Vol. 14, No. 3, 223-236 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/089801019601400305

Self-Help and Help-Seeking Behavior Patterns in Healthy Elders

Jaclene A. Zauszniewski

Case Western Reserve University

The challenges and losses that accompany aging may alter task performance and self-care ability. However, resourceful elders maintain independence in daily tasks despite adverse situations. Resourcefulness consists of self-help strategies for coping with adversity. Elders may also seek help from others when faced by challenges or losses. This study examines self-help and help-seeking behaviors in relation to depressive cognitions, adaptive functioning, and life satisfaction among 120 healthy elders. Self-help was significantly correlated with the absence of depressive cognitions and with higher adaptive functioning, but help-seeking was not. Both self-help and help-seeking were significantly correlated with greater life satisfaction. However, self-help and help-seeking were not associated. The findings suggest that healthy elders may benefit from interventions that facilitate self-help and those that teach them to seek outside help. Future research should examine self-help and help-seeking strategies in elders whose physical or psychological health is compromised.


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M. L. Potter and J. A. Zauszniewski
Spirituality, Resourcefulness, and Arthritis Impact on Health Perception of Elders with Rheumatoid Arthritis
J Holist Nurs, December 1, 2000; 18(4): 311 - 331.
[Abstract] [PDF]