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Journal of Holistic Nursing, Vol. 12, No. 4, 402-413 (1994)
DOI: 10.1177/089801019401200409

A Delphi Study of the Basic Principles and Corresponding Care Goals of Holistic Nursing Practice

Sara N. Estby, M.S., R.N

University of Iowa

Mildred I. Freel, MEd., R.N

University of Iowa

Laura K. Hart, Ph.D., R.N

University of Iowa

Jean L. Reese, Ph.D., R.N

University of Iowa

Toni J. Clow, M.A., R.N.

University of Iowa

This descriptive, non-experimental study using the Delphi survey process identified basic holistic health principles for which holistic nurse practitioners agreed guide their healing practice. Seventeen expert holistic nurse practitioners (and AHNA leaders) comprised the respondent group. On the average these practitioners have been nurses for 25 years and holistic practitioners for 11 years. Seventy percent of the group completed all three Delphi rounds indicating their agreement regarding 25 principles of holistic health, their applicability to practice, and care goals related to each principle. A high level of consensus was reached regarding 17 principles. In addition to affirming principles related to unity, interdependence, evolution, energy fields, and interactions, the AHNA expert nurse practitioners strongly emphasized spirituality. The group addressed reality as a unified whole, not limited by the material universe, supporting a practice model based on holographic perspectives.


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[Abstract] [PDF]